The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted monetary policy decision-making among many central banks in upper-middle and lower-middle income countries.

Overall, 35% (13 of the 37 central banks that answered this question) said Covid had changed the way they set monetary policy. However, the majority (65%) said Covid had not had a lasting impact.

Seven of the institutions that said to Covid-19 was a factor for their monetary policy since the outbreak come from lower-middle countries. Five others are